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  <title>TI-83+ Link Protocol Guide - Packet formats</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffe8">
<p><b>TI-83+ Link Protocol Guide v1.0</b> - Packet formats</p>
<center>
<h2>
<hr align="center"> Packet Formats</h2>
</center>
<p>Texas Instruments calculators always send data and responses in
self-contained "packets."<br>
Packets have the following format:<br>
<i>Note - all 2-byte integers are transmitted little-endian Intel-style
(least significant byte first).</i></p>
<p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="92%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="7%"><font color="#ffffff">Offset</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="8%"><font color="#ffffff">Length</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="85%"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">0</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Machine ID byte</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">1</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Command ID byte</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">2</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Length of data (see note below)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">4</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%"><i>n</i> bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Data (if attached)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">4+<i>n</i></td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Checksum (if data is attached)</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<i>Note - The "Length of data" element may not be equal to zero if the
packet contains no data. In this case, the Command ID byte will
indicate
that the packet contains no data.</i></p>
<p></p>
<h4>The Machine ID Byte</h4>
<p>The Machine ID byte identifies the machine that is sending the
packet. It can have one of the following values:
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="66%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd" width="13%">Value</th>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd">Description</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">02h</td>
      <td>Computer sending TI-82 data</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">03h</td>
      <td>Computer sending TI-83 data</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">23h</td>
      <td>Computer sending TI-83+/TI-84+ data</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">73h</td>
      <td>TI-83+ or TI-84+<br>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">82h</td>
      <td>TI-82</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">83h</td>
      <td>TI-83</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<i>Note: The TI-83 accepts TI-82 and TI-83 Machine ID bytes in order to
transfer data between a TI-82/83 and a TI-83+.</i></p>
<p></p>
<h4>The Command ID Byte</h4>
<p>The Command ID byte identifies the request or response that the
machine is sending. It can have one of the following values:</p>
<p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="66%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd" width="22%">Value</th>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd" width="259">Description</th>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd">Data Included</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">06h</td>
      <td width="259">Variable Header (VAR)</td>
      <td>A fixed-length, NUL padded <a href="#varheader">variable
header</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">09h</td>
      <td width="259">Clear to send (CTS)</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">15h</td>
      <td width="259">Data packet (DATA)</td>
      <td>Screenshot/variable/backup data</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">2Dh<br>
      </td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>Silent</i> - Request Versions
(VER) </td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">36h</td>
      <td width="259">Skip/Exit (SKIP/EXIT)</td>
      <td>A five-byte rejection code (see codes below)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">56h</td>
      <td width="259">Acknowledge (ACK)</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">5Ah</td>
      <td width="259">Checksum Error (ERR)<br>
The previous packet must be sent again.</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">68h</td>
      <td width="259">Check ready (RDY)</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">6Dh</td>
      <td width="259"><i>Silent</i> - Request Screenshot (SCR)</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">88h<br>
      </td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>Silent</i> - Delete Variable
(DEL)</td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">A fixed-length, NUL padded <a
 href="packet.html#varheader">variable
header</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">92h</td>
      <td width="259">End of Transmission (EOT)</td>
      <td><i>None</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">A2h</td>
      <td width="259"><i>Silent</i> - Request Variable (REQ)</td>
      <td>A fixed-length, NUL padded <a href="#varheader">variable
header</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="22%">C9h</td>
      <td width="259"><i>Silent</i> - Request to Send Variable (RTS)</td>
      <td>A fixed-length, NUL padded <a href="#varheader">variable
header</a></td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p></p>
<p>Rejection codes (used with Command ID 36h) can have one of the
following values:</p>
<p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="66%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd" width="13%">Value</th>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd">Description</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">01h</td>
      <td>EXIT - The entire transmission has been cancelled.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">02h</td>
      <td>SKIP - The current variable has been skipped.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">03h</td>
      <td>OUT OF MEMORY (silent transmissions only) - The receiving
calculator is out of memory.</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p></p>
<h4>The Checksum</h4>
<p>The checksum is a 16-bit value used to verify the integrity of the
data in the packet. It only present if data is present.<br>
The checksum is calculated by taking the lower 16 bits of the sum of
the data bytes, as shown below:</p>
<pre>int calculateChecksum(unsigned char* data, unsigned short datalength) {<br>   unsigned short x, checksum;<br>   for(x=0; x&lt;datalength; x++) {<br>      checksum+=data[x];  //overflow automatically limits to 16 bits<br>   }<br>   return checksum;<br>}</pre>
<center>
<h3>
<hr align="center"> <a name="varheader"></a>Variable Headers</h3>
</center>
<p style="font-style: italic;">A Variable header contains information
about one variable in the calculator.<br>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="92%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="7%"><font color="#ffffff">Offset</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="8%"><font color="#ffffff">Length</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="85%"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">0</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of actual variable data,
in bytes</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">2</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Type ID Byte (see type ID's
below)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">3</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">8 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Variable name, padded on the
right with NULL characters (0h). This field is always tokenized.
Not used for ID list.<i></i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">11</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Version - Always has a value of
0h.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">12</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Type ID Byte 2 - Always has a
value of 0h. Note: bit 7 is set if archived. Not used for getting
certificates.<br>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<i>Note: These bytes only make up the "data" section of the packet.<br>
</i><i>Note2:<br>
</i><i> - for lists (L1..L6), the first token is a 5D byte followed by
another byte: 00 for L1 to 05 for L6.</i><br>
- for equations: there are 31 equations (Y1..Y0 in func mode, X1t..X6t
and Y1t..Y6t in param mode, r1..r6 in polar mode and FnOn/FnOff in
On/Off mode). The varname is 5E10 for Y1 to 5E19 for Y0. The varname is
5E20 for X1t, 5E21 for Y1t to 5E2A for X6t, 5E2B for Y6t. The varname
is 5E40 for r1 to 5E45 for r6. The varname is 5E80 for u to 5E82 for w.<br>
- for strings: there are 10 strings (Str1..Str9). The varname is AA00
for Str1 to AA09 for Str0.<br>
- for pictures: there are 10 pictures (Pic1..Pic0). The varname is 6000
for Pic1 to 6009 for Pic0.<br>
- for gdbs: there are 10 gdbs (GDB1..GDB0). The varname is 6100 for
GDB1 to 6109 for GDB9.</p>
<p></p>
<h4><a name="vartypes"></a>The Type ID Byte</h4>
<p>The type ID byte specifies the type of variable that is being
transmitted. It can have one of the following values:</p>
<p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="66%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd" width="13%">Value</th>
      <th bgcolor="#dddddd">Description (click for variable format)</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">00h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#real">Real Number</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">01h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#list">Real List</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">02h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#matrix">Matrix</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">03h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#equation">Y-Variable</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">04h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#string">String</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">05h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#program">Program</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">06h</td>
      <td>Edit-locked <a href="vars.html#program">Program</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">07h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#picture">Picture</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">08h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#gdb">GDB</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">0Bh</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#window">Window Settings</a><i> (See note
below)</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">0Ch</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#complex">Complex Number</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">0Dh</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#list">Complex List</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">0Fh</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#window">Window Settings</a><i> (See note
below)</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">10h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#window">Saved Window Settings</a><i> (See
note below)</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">11h</td>
      <td><a href="vars.html#table">Table Setup</a><i> (See note below)</i></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">13h</td>
      <td><a href="backup.html">Backup</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">14h<br>
      </td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">Used to delete a FLASH
application <br>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">15h</td>
      <td>Application Variable</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">17h</td>
      <td>Group Variable (only found on TI83+)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">19h</td>
      <td><a name="19h"></a><a href="silent.html">Directory</a> <i>(See
note below) </i>- only used when requesting a directory</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">23h</td>
      <td><a name="19h"></a><a href="flash.html">FLASH</a> Operating
System</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">24h</td>
      <td><a name="19h"></a><a href="flash.html">FLASH</a> Application</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">26h</td>
      <td><a name="FLASH"></a><a href="flash.html">ID list</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td width="13%">27h</td>
      <td><a name="19h"></a><a href="flash.html">Get Certificate</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;">29h<br>
      </td>
      <td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="clock.html">Clock</a><br>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<i>Note - If the Type ID is in the range 0Fh - 12h or 19h, then the
contents of the name field of the header do not matter.</i></p>
<p></p>
<h4><a name="backup"></a>Backup Header Format</h4>
<p>If the type ID byte specifies a backup, the variable header takes
the following 9-byte format :</p>
<p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="92%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="7%"><font color="#ffffff">Offset</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="8%"><font color="#ffffff">Length</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="85%"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">0</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of first backup section
(flags area), in bytes</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">2</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Type ID Byte (13h in this case)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">3</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of second backup section
(data area), in bytes</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">5</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of third backup section
(symbol area), in bytes</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">7</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Start User Area Address</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
</p>
<h4><a name="FLASH"></a>FLASH Header Format<br>
</h4>
<p>If the type ID byte is in the range 22...28h, the variable header
takes the following 10-byte format : </p>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="92%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="7%"><font color="#ffffff">Offset</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="8%"><font color="#ffffff">Length</font></th>
      <th bgcolor="#008800" width="85%"><font color="#ffffff">Description</font></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">0</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of actual data, in bytes
(LSB).</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">2</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Type ID Byte (see type ID's
below)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">3</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Size of actual data, in bytes
(MSB). Usually 128/256 bytes.<br>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">5</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">1 byte</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">Flag - Always has a value of 0h
but bit 7 is set if archived (*).</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">6</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">FLASH offset</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="7%">8</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="8%">2 bytes</td>
      <td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="85%">FLASH page</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
When sending FLASH OS:<br>
- first and last page have flag set;<br>
- others have flag clear.<br>
When sending FLASH app: flag is always set.<br>
<p></p>
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